With a price-to-earnings (or "P/E") ratio of 15.8x China Merchants Securities Co., Ltd. (SHSE:600999) may be sending very bullish signals at the moment, given that almost half of all companies in China have P/E ratios greater than 33x and even P/E's higher than 61x are not unusual. Although, it's not wise to just take the P/E at face value as there may be an explanation why it's so limited.

China Merchants Securities hasn't been tracking well recently as its declining earnings compare poorly to other companies, which have seen some growth on average. The P/E is probably low because investors think this poor earnings performance isn't going to get any better. If you still like the company, you'd be hoping this isn't the case so that you could potentially pick up some stock while it's out of favour.

How Is China Merchants Securities' Growth Trending?

The only time you'd be truly comfortable seeing a P/E as depressed as China Merchants Securities' is when the company's growth is on track to lag the market decidedly.

If we review the last year of earnings, dishearteningly the company's profits fell to the tune of 3.1%. This means it has also seen a slide in earnings over the longer-term as EPS is down 15% in total over the last three years. Accordingly, shareholders would have felt downbeat about the medium-term rates of earnings growth.

Looking ahead now, EPS is anticipated to climb by 9.5% per year during the coming three years according to the eight analysts following the company. With the market predicted to deliver 26% growth per annum, the company is positioned for a weaker earnings result.

In light of this, it's understandable that China Merchants Securities' P/E sits below the majority of other companies. It seems most investors are expecting to see limited future growth and are only willing to pay a reduced amount for the stock.

The Key Takeaway

While the price-to-earnings ratio shouldn't be the defining factor in whether you buy a stock or not, it's quite a capable barometer of earnings expectations.

As we suspected, our examination of China Merchants Securities' analyst forecasts revealed that its inferior earnings outlook is contributing to its low P/E. At this stage investors feel the potential for an improvement in earnings isn't great enough to justify a higher P/E ratio. Unless these conditions improve, they will continue to form a barrier for the share price around these levels.

It is also worth noting that we have found 1 warning sign for China Merchants Securities that you need to take into consideration.

It's important to make sure you look for a great company, not just the first idea you come across. So take a peek at this free list of interesting companies with strong recent earnings growth (and a low P/E).

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This article by Simply Wall St is general in nature. We provide commentary based on historical data and analyst forecasts only using an unbiased methodology and our articles are not intended to be financial advice. It does not constitute a recommendation to buy or sell any stock, and does not take account of your objectives, or your financial situation. We aim to bring you long-term focused analysis driven by fundamental data. Note that our analysis may not factor in the latest price-sensitive company announcements or qualitative material. Simply Wall St has no position in any stocks mentioned.