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Space stocks soar: Opportunity or bubble?
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Musk vs. Trump Fallout: A Golden Opportunity for Rocket Lab & AST SpaceMobile to Challenge SpaceX?

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Moomoo Research joined discussion · Jun 10 18:46
According to The Washington Post, citing informed sources, after a dispute between Trump and Musk, representatives from NASA and the Pentagon called on SpaceX's competitors, urging them to accelerate the development of alternative rockets and spacecraft. The report indicates that government officials have reached out to at least three commercial space companies: Rocket Lab, Stoke Space, and Blue Origin. These officials sought information about the current status of the companies' rockets and inquired about potential timelines for their use in government missions. This move suggests a proactive approach by the government to explore alternative options in the commercial space launch sector, potentially diversifying their reliance beyond SpaceX.
As technology advances and costs decrease, the space economy remains a blue ocean market. Here are opportunities in the space sector that investors can focus on:
Musk vs. Trump Fallout: A Golden Opportunity for Rocket Lab & AST SpaceMobile to Challenge SpaceX?
Segment 1. Commercial Space Launch
Representative Company: $Rocket Lab (RKLB.US)$
The global commercial space launch market size in 2024 is $8.2 billion, estimated to grow by 14.6% from 2025 to 2034. The increasing demand for small satellite launches, driven by advancements in miniaturization, reduced launch costs, and various flight mission applications including communications, Earth observation, and scientific research, is a significant driver of growth in the commercial space launch industry.
The commercial space launch industry is undergoing major evolution, characterized by a shift towards more frequent orbital launches and transporting heavier payloads. Demand includes internet connectivity, Earth observation, defense, and climate monitoring, which require powerful and high-capacity satellites. Due to technological advancements improving the efficiency and power of launch systems, companies are opting to bundle multiple large satellites into single flight missions to maximize launch economics.
In 2024, there were 259 orbital launch attempts, marking a 17% increase from the previous year's record. Although the number of deployed spacecraft slightly decreased by 3% (totaling 2,802), the total mass sent into orbit surged by 40% to 1.9 million kilograms. This trend reflects an increasing emphasis on launching more substantial satellites, such as Space-X's Starlink V2 Mini, to meet the growing demand for global broadband and data services.
Segment 2: Low Earth Orbit Satellite Communication Operators
Representative Company: $AST SpaceMobile (ASTS.US)$
Due to technologies like rocket recycle and 3D printed satellites reducing the manufacturing cost of a single satellite by 60% compared to 2020, the low Earth orbit satellite communication operator market is currently in a rapid development stage.
In addition to traditional emergency communications, new demands such as aviation internet, maritime communications, agricultural monitoring, and vehicle networking are emerging. Operators are adopting a "satellite + ground network" integrated model (such as AST's cooperation with AT&T) to lower user adoption barriers.
Below is a detailed introduction of the relevant companies:
Financial Performance: In 2024, Rocket Lab's revenue reached $436 million, a record high and a 78% increase year-over-year. In Q1 2025, revenue was $123 million, up 32.13% year-over-year, driven by increased launch frequencies and growth in space systems business. The company reported a net loss of $60.616 million in the first quarter, a 36.95% increase from the previous year, primarily due to R&D investments related to Neutron engine testing and supply chain development.
Musk vs. Trump Fallout: A Golden Opportunity for Rocket Lab & AST SpaceMobile to Challenge SpaceX?
Cost Reduction: SpaceX has proven that rocket reusability is key to profitability in commercial space. Rocket Lab's Electron first stage recycle technology is maturing, while Neutron is designed for 20 reuses. If achieved, it could potentially reduce launch costs to 80% of SpaceX's current level, about $4.8 million per ton. The company plans to increase annual launch capacity to over 50 times by 2026, directly challenging SpaceX's capacity dominance.
Musk vs. Trump Fallout: A Golden Opportunity for Rocket Lab & AST SpaceMobile to Challenge SpaceX?
Technological Innovation: Rocket Lab's technological moat is built on two revolutionary innovations:
1. 3D Printing: From its inception, the company has deeply integrated 3D printing technology into the production of rocket engines. Its patented technology has reduced the production cycle of rocket engines by 80% and costs by 50%. This technology has been extended to the satellite manufacturing field.
2. Breakthroughs in Material Science: The Electron rocket uses an all-carbon fiber composite material tank, a cutting-edge technology not yet widely applied by even SpaceX. Carbon fiber tanks are 40% lighter than aluminum, giving the Electron an impressive mass efficiency—the rocket has a launch weight of only 13 tons yet can carry a 300 kg payload to sun-synchronous orbit. This technology is also being transferred to the Neutron rocket
Innovation in manufacturing gives Rocket Lab a differentiated advantage in response speed and cost control. The company can complete the entire process from satellite design to on-orbit delivery in 18 months, while traditional defense contractors typically need 3-5 years.
Government Orders: Rocket Lab's deep ties in the government and defense sectors have built a solid business moat. The SDA satellite contract won in 2023 is not only a source of revenue but also an authoritative certification of technological capability. Additionally, another project, as a core component of the US Department of Defense's "Proliferated Constellation Program," aims to establish a low-orbit military communication network to counter hypersonic weapon threats. Successful delivery will elevate Rocket Lab into the top-tier supplier system of the US Space Force.
Musk vs. Trump Fallout: A Golden Opportunity for Rocket Lab & AST SpaceMobile to Challenge SpaceX?
Risks: SpaceX has formed a "launch → operation → application" closed loop with "Falcon rockets + Starlink constellation". Although Rocket Lab offers full-process services, the progress of Neutron rocket (first flight planned for late 2025) and the maturity of its constellation ecosystem still need verification.
Besides, if R&D progress lags or reusability falls short of expectations, it will drag on profitability. Coupled with high investments in satellite manufacturing and constellation operations, cash flow pressure may persist.
Financial Performance: In Q1 2025, AST SpaceMobile reported a net loss of $45.71 million, mainly due to high investments in "BlueWalker 3 satellite R&D and global spectrum license applications". The profitability inflection point depends on large-scale commercial service implementation (planned global commercial trial in 2026).
Technical Advantages: AST holds over 2,400 core patents, solving issues like signal interference between satellites and ground stations, and low power consumption for direct phone-to-satellite connections. The BlueWalker 3 satellite has completed "space-to-phone" call tests (achieving 4G signal direct connection in 2024), with technology maturity far ahead of competitors (Lynk only supports SMS, SpaceX requires specialized terminals).
Risks: The large-scale networking of satellites needs to address challenges in certain scenarios such as signal penetration through high-rise buildings and jungles, as well as conflicts between multiple satellite signals. ASTS's commercialization process lags behind SpaceX by more than two years, and investors need to be cautious of the technical risks during the Q3 2025 launch window. If commercialization is delayed until 2026, it will undermine market confidence and drag down the stock price.
Musk vs. Trump Fallout: A Golden Opportunity for Rocket Lab & AST SpaceMobile to Challenge SpaceX?
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  • Dan’l : They’re pla!n s!lly to think $Rocket Lab (RKLB.US)$ or $AST SpaceMobile (ASTS.US)$ could actually compete with Space X.
    (Posting follow-ups, to explain.)

  • Dan’l Dan’l : Rocket Lab
    Current Capabilities:
    • Electron Rocket: Rocket Lab’s Electron is a small-lift, partially reusable rocket designed for launching small satellites, with a maximum payload capacity of 300 kg to low Earth orbit (LEO). It has successfully launched 63 times as of April 2025, demonstrating reliability for small payloads. However, it is far too small to carry astronauts or compete with SpaceX’s Falcon 9, which can lift 22,800 kg to LEO.
    • Neutron Rocket: Rocket Lab is developing the Neutron, a medium-lift, reusable rocket expected to launch in mid-2025. Neutron is designed to carry 13,000–15,000 kg to LEO, making it a closer competitor to SpaceX’s Falcon 9 in terms of payload capacity. It features a reusable first stage, with plans for landings on a floating platform, similar to SpaceX’s recovery methods.
    • Astronaut Capability: Neutron is described as a “human-rated” launch vehicle, indicating potential for crewed missions. However, Rocket Lab has not yet developed a crew capsule or spacecraft like SpaceX’s Crew Dragon, and initial Neutron launches are not expected to be crewed. Developing a crewed spacecraft would require significant additional engineering, testing, and certification, which Rocket Lab has not publicly prioritized.
    Competitive Potential:
    • Payload Competition: Neutron’s 13–15 metric ton capacity to LEO positions it to compete with Falcon 9 for medium-lift missions, particularly for satellite constellations or cargo. It could challenge SpaceX’s cost structure (Falcon 9’s cost per kg is ~$3,000–$6,000, compared to Electron’s ~$25,000/kg) if Rocket Lab achieves economies of scale with Neutron.
    • Astronaut Transport: Rocket Lab currently lacks the infrastructure (e.g., crew capsules, life support systems) to carry astronauts, and there’s no clear timeline for developing such capabilities. Social media sentiment on X suggests skepticism about Rocket Lab’s ability to match SpaceX for crewed missions in the near term, citing the lack of crewed mission infrastructure and SpaceX’s dominance in heavy-lift and astronaut transport.
    • Market Niche: Rocket Lab differentiates itself with flexibility and precision for small-to-medium payloads, and its billion-dollar backlog for Electron and Neutron indicates strong demand. However, it is not positioned to challenge SpaceX’s dominance in heavy-lift (e.g., Starship’s 150–250 metric ton capacity) or crewed missions in the near future.
    Challenges:
    • Rocket Lab’s smaller scale and focus on smaller payloads limit its ability to compete directly with SpaceX’s Falcon 9 or Starship for large cargo or crewed missions.
    • Developing a crewed spacecraft would require significant investment and NASA certification, a process SpaceX mastered over years with Crew Dragon.
    • Social media discussions highlight that SpaceX’s Starship, with its ambitious cost target of $10 million per launch, could overshadow Neutron’s capabilities if it achieves rapid reusability.
    Conclusion for Rocket Lab: Rocket Lab’s Neutron rocket positions it to compete with SpaceX in the medium-lift market for payloads up to 15 metric tons, but it is not currently capable of carrying astronauts due to the lack of a crewed spacecraft. While Neutron is human-rated, significant additional development would be needed for crewed missions, and Rocket Lab’s focus remains on satellite launches and space systems. It can challenge SpaceX in specific niches but not in heavy-lift or astronaut transport in the near term.

  • Dan’l Dan’l : AST SpaceMobile
    Current Capabilities:
    • Focus on Satellites, Not Rockets: AST SpaceMobile is not a rocket manufacturer or launch provider; it is a satellite designer and operator building a space-based cellular broadband network to connect unmodified smartphones. It relies on other companies, primarily SpaceX, to launch its satellites (e.g., BlueWalker 3 and Block 1 BlueBird satellites launched on Falcon 9).
    • Satellite Payloads: AST’s BlueBird satellites (1,500 kg each) are large for communications arrays but far smaller than the payloads SpaceX’s Falcon 9 or Starship can handle. The company plans a constellation of up to 243 satellites, with Block 2 BlueBirds featuring 2,400-square-foot arrays for enhanced connectivity.
    • No Astronaut Capability: AST SpaceMobile has no plans or infrastructure for crewed missions, as its business model focuses on satellite-based telecommunications, not launch vehicles or human spaceflight.
    Competitive Potential:
    • Launch Capability: AST SpaceMobile does not produce rockets and thus cannot compete with SpaceX in launch services or astronaut transport. It is a customer of SpaceX, Blue Origin, and ISRO for launching its satellites, indicating reliance on these providers rather than competition in launch capabilities.
    • Market Competition: AST SpaceMobile competes with SpaceX’s Starlink in the satellite-to-cellphone connectivity market, not in rocket production or crewed missions. Its BlueBird satellites aim to provide direct-to-device broadband, a niche where it has a technological edge over Starlink’s initial ground-terminal-focused service. Partnerships with AT&T and Verizon bolster its position, but SpaceX’s 7,001 Starlink satellites (including over 100 with direct-to-cell capability) give it a significant scale advantage.
    • Payload Comparison: AST’s satellites are within the payload range of Rocket Lab’s Electron (for smaller prototypes) or Neutron (for larger BlueBirds), but SpaceX’s Falcon 9 and Starship can handle much larger payloads. AST’s reliance on SpaceX for launches underscores its lack of independent launch capability.
    Challenges:
    • AST SpaceMobile’s business model does not involve rocket development, so it cannot compete with SpaceX in launch services or astronaut transport.
    • Its competition with SpaceX is limited to the satellite broadband market, where Starlink’s larger constellation and SpaceX’s launch cost advantage (due to in-house rockets) pose significant challenges.
    • Social media posts on X suggest AST’s stock volatility reflects investor enthusiasm for its direct-to-cell technology, but it faces risks from SpaceX’s scale and potential to undercut competitors.
    Conclusion for AST SpaceMobile: AST SpaceMobile does not produce rockets and thus cannot compete with SpaceX in carrying astronauts or heavy payloads. Its focus is on satellite-based cellular connectivity, where it competes with SpaceX’s Starlink, not in launch services. It relies on SpaceX and other providers for satellite launches, making it a customer rather than a competitor in this domain.

  • Dan’l Dan’l : Comparison to SpaceX
    • SpaceX’s Capabilities:
    • Falcon 9: A reusable rocket with a 22,800 kg LEO capacity, certified for NASA crewed missions with the Crew Dragon spacecraft. It has launched 24 astronauts to the ISS since 2020.
    • Starship: A fully reusable system with a 150–250 metric ton LEO capacity, designed for crew and cargo to the Moon, Mars, and beyond. It is still in development but aims for $10 million per launch, far below competitors.
    • Launch Dominance: SpaceX conducted 87% of U.S. launches in 2023, with a cost per kg significantly lower than competitors.
    • Rocket Lab vs. SpaceX: Rocket Lab’s Neutron could compete with Falcon 9 for medium-lift payloads but lacks crewed capability and cannot match Starship’s heavy-lift potential. Rocket Lab’s niche is flexibility and smaller-scale missions, not direct competition in crewed or Julius Caesar or heavy-lift markets.
    • AST SpaceMobile vs. SpaceX: AST SpaceMobile does not compete in rocket production or crewed missions but in the satellite connectivity market, where Starlink’s scale and SpaceX’s launch cost advantage create a formidable barrier.

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